Class and Gender Reflection Free Essays

A reflection on Class and Gender from a conventional/ethnic foundation by: Gender: I grew up encompassed by influential ladies: Three more established sisters who chose what I would wear and which games we would play. A mother and two aunts, who held places of intensity as instructors. My father was a latent individual and in this way was administered by the ladies in our family unit. We will compose a custom paper test on Class and Gender Reflection or on the other hand any comparative subject just for you Request Now So at my young age, â€Å"Gender† was insurance for my dad’ My first introduction to sex outside of my family unit was In the media. With the women's activist development. I at that point understood that my house was a special case and that comprehensively, sign were being treated as though they were Inferior to men. Be that as it may, another acknowledgment came to me: In the western world, ladies were battling for autonomy, while in customary social orders, ladies were (are as yet) battling for family solidarity. A minister once let me know: The lady Is the mainstay of her family unit. In the ass in Mauritius, the women's activist development began with the blast In the economy. Abruptly, housewives went to work In mass In processing plants and this caused a huge change in the relational intricacies in two different ways: never again were men the sole providers in the family; and Ђ Children were returning home from school without a parent being horn. Concerning Africa, a huge segment of compassionate guide has gone towards the strengthening of African ladies, such as helping them to fabricate Income creating exercises. In any case, no work has been done in corresponding with the men. So men of customary social orders out of nowhere got themselves less taught than their spouses, and getting dependent on their wives for Income support. This misfortune In status with no chance to communicate, have made a few men turn brutal towards beneficiary spouses. Increasingly more at this point. Unitarian organizations are ensuring that all network individuals take an interest during the time spent task to guarantee that the men are not left â€Å"behind-. Class: Growing up, It was certain that there was (and that there still Is) a social class framework In Mauritius, even It was not straightforwardly recognized. There Is clear dig as far as 1) riches, 2) training, 3) skin shading and even 4) your name. Also, this class structure Is kept up b y the political and financial framework, since they advantage run it. Legislators can all the more effectively pull the fleece over the eyes tooth populace, it the last is uneducated. In Australia, it appeared that there was no class division in the public eye †I currently realize this Is false. Twelve years prior, I moved back to Mauritius and decided to live in a little beach front town where most of the individuals are poor. My city companions couldn't identify with my new companions from the town. There were numerous contrasts between the two gatherings: instruction, convictions, techniques for venerate, way of life, wellbeing and cleanliness (among numerous others) and neither one of the groups could transparently and unmistakably monomaniac with one another and in this manner would battle to comprehend the activities of the other. Individuals from an alternate social class have an alternate culture: they have an alternate perspective on. For instance, Cambodia like eating barbecued cockroaches, while we Mauritania make it our motivation to eliminate them. Also, this helps me to remember one of my preferred statement †â€Å"El regard De la contrast De last est.  ¤ la base De lanthanum⠩† †which actually mean †regard for the distinction in others is at the center of our humankind. The most effective method to refer to Class and Gender Reflection, Papers

Renaissance Art Research Paper Essay Example

Renaissance Art Research Paper Essay Renaissance workmanship was conceived in the second 50% of the fourteenth century and kept on creating all through the fifteenth and sixteenth hundreds of years, step by step covering in a steady progression, all the nations of Europe. Renaissance workmanship mirrored the particular idea of the transitional age. Renaissance, which was firmly connected to Florence and its general public, is without a doubt one of the most energizing throughout the entire existence of Western development. It not just demonstrated the world an entire system of craftsmen and humanist scholars, yet at the same time adds to the advancement of logical idea, the arrangement of high culture, and is an incredible instructor of the wonderful. Development of another culture has become an issue essentially humanistic educated people, in their source and economic wellbeing rather diverse and heterogeneous. Thoughts, set forward by humanists, were hard to describe as â€Å"bourgeois† or â€Å"early bourgeois.† In the way of life of the Italian Renaissance there was established the core of another viewpoint, the particular highlights that characterized Renaissance. It was produced by the new requests of life itself, as humanists excitedly looked for accomplishing more significant levels of instruction for an adequately wide area of society. We will compose a custom exposition test on Renaissance Art Research Paper explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom article test on Renaissance Art Research Paper explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom article test on Renaissance Art Research Paper explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer The cause of requirements of the new humanistic viewpoint is all the more explicitly connected with dynamic inclinations in the improvement of otherworldly culture of Europe 12-13 centuries. Urban non-church schools and established on their premise colleges turned into the focal point of common information, mirroring the requirements of social turn of events. In the early Renaissance, the inquiry started to emerge of how mainstream or open workmanship ought to be, the way human-centric, what was the man’s place in it. Handy brush, complex organization, viewpoint (three-dimensional composition), shading, light, brilliance, light and shadow, feeling and meticulousness in the work these were the principle attributes of Renaissance workmanship. Legendary and scriptural characters were integral to the specialists of the period. The human body was the principle wellspring of motivation and the object of study in the specialty of the Renaissance. Comparability with reality has arrived at such a degree, that the characters delineated in progress, appeared to be alive dissimilar to introduced by the specialty of the twentieth century, where, for instance, in a work of art by Georges Seurat individuals are progressively similar to fossils. For specialists and researchers the human body was a boundless source. They continually improve their insight and aptitudes by examining the human body. Physical flawlessness mirrored the overarching view at that point, that man was made in the picture and similarity of God. The divine beings were truly represented and delineated as individuals with highlights that were inborn in an individual, in contrast to the masterpieces of the Middle Ages. Undergrads looking to set up a tolerable research proposition should utilize free model renaissance craftsmanship inquire about paper. These free example can be an extraordinary wellspring of important information whenever composed appropriately. Is it true that you are searching for a first rate custom research paper on Renaissance Art points? Is secrecy as essential to you as the high caliber of the item? Attempt our composing administration at EssayLib.com! We can offer you proficient help at moderate rates. Our accomplished PhD and Master’s scholars are prepared to consider your littlest requests. We promise you 100% credibility of your paper and guarantee you of dead on time conveyance. Continue with the request structure: Kindly don't hesitate to visit us at EssayLib.com and become familiar with our administration!

Why the First Two Years of Marriage Are Critical

Why the First Two Years of Marriage Are Critical Relationships Spouses & Partners Print Why Are the First Two Years of Marriage so Important? By Sheri Stritof Sheri Stritof has written about marriage and relationships for 20 years. Shes the co-author of The Everything Great Marriage Book. Learn about our editorial policy Sheri Stritof Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Carly Snyder, MD on January 28, 2020 facebook twitter linkedin Carly Snyder, MD is a reproductive and perinatal psychiatrist who combines traditional psychiatry with integrative medicine-based treatments.   Learn about our Medical Review Board Carly Snyder, MD on January 28, 2020 Peter Cade / The Image Bank / Getty Images More in Relationships Spouses & Partners Marital Problems LGBTQ Violence and Abuse Those who are married know that marriage can hit rough patches at any point in time. When it happens early in the marriage, this can be quite alarming but dont panic as these ups and downs are very common.?? As the topic of matrimonial success and divorce is studied more and more, research shows that how a couple weathers their first two years together can make or break their marriage.?? First Two Years Predict Long-Term Marital Fate Dr. Ted Huston of the University of Texas at Austin provided commentary on a study on the predictors of marital satisfaction and stressors.?? This study showed that couples newlywed marriages and changes in their union over the first two years foreshadow their long-term marital fate after thirteen years ... disillusionmentâ€"as reflected in an abatement of love, a decline in overt affection, a lessening of the conviction that ones spouse is responsive, and an increase in ambivalenceâ€"distinguishes couples headed for divorce from those who establish a stable marital bond. The researchers also discovered differences between the happily married and unhappily married groups were apparent right after they tied the knot.?? The Texas study looked at 156 couples who were married for the first time in 1981. Researchers discovered the following  after thirteen years: 68 couples were happily married32 couples were unhappily married56 couples had divorced The couples who divorced within the first two years showed signs of disillusionment and were negative toward one another in the first two months of their marriage. It is a sign of trouble if a newlywed couple starts to have disillusionment within the first year. The couples who were still happily married were couples who were able to have positive feelings about their spouses during this early period of time in their relationship.?? Facing the Honeymoon Blues If you find yourself a bit depressed after your wedding, its okay. Honeymoon blues are normal. You have both been caught up in time-consuming wedding preparations. It is a sure bet that once you dont have that stress to deal with, you will have a sense of loss. Its similar to the post-holiday let down that many people experience. However, it is important to not ignore this period of depression. Being prepared for the newlywed blues can help you get past them. Its time to move on to setting the marital stage for the rest of your lives together. As mentioned by Dr. Hustons study, a top priority for newlyweds should be keeping the romance alive.?? There are other priorities a couple will need to face as well. Several major goals that need to be settled the first year include how to allocate and handle money, who is going to do what chores, ways to spend free time, finding time to have sex, dealing with in-laws, understanding differences in spirituality or religion, learning how to deal with conflict, and discussing expectations. Unfortunately, many couples avoid topics that may become heated, but doing so will do a disservice to your union.?? Red Flags in Early Marriage: Lack of romance and intimacyInability to have fun togetherSelfishnessFear of conflictLack of respectOver-commitment of time to other thingsOver-spendingToo much dependence on parentsSexual problemsAddictions and/or substance abuseEmotional and/or physical abuseUnrealistic expectationsMarried too young or for the wrong reasons What to Do If Youre Struggling The best thing to do is have an open and honest conversation with your spouse, without blaming, about your concerns. You can start by saying something like, I think we are both struggling to adjust to being married.  From there you can figure out what marriage support options might be a good fit for you both. It could be setting aside time to read and discuss self-help books, seeking guidance from a house of worship or other trusted source, joining a marriage education class,  or pursuing couples therapy.?? The Best Online Marriage Counseling Programs Build the Foundation for a Successful Marriage Although the first couple of years are said to be the most difficult, they are often remembered as the most joyous. They can be a tremendous time of intimacy and discovery. There is so much to learn about each other and so much to express to one another. During the newlywed stage of marriage, you can both build the foundation and set the stage for a life-long, meaningful marriage. So enjoy and romance one another!

Smyrna Police Department And Its Productivity Essay

Smyrna Police Department and Its Productivity to Society Amina Y. Mohammed Kennesaw State University Author Note Amina Y. Mohammed, Kennesaw State University Correspondence concerning this sample paper should be addressed to Amina Y. Mohammed, Kennesaw State University, 1000 Chastain Road NW, Kennesaw Ga 30144, E-mail: amoham15@students.kennesaw.edu. Table of Contents Smyrna Police Department and Its Productivity to Society 3 Smyrna Police Department: Mission 3 Organizational Structure 4 Community Policing. 5 Analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦6 References 8 Smyrna Police Department and Its Productivity to Society Smyrna, Georgia better known as the jonquil city is home to 50,000 residents. Smyrna is a family friendly city it provides parks, pools, trails, and much more. Smyrna being home to many, has a mayor and council that appoints the city administrator. The city’s government is responsible for maintaining the great things the city has to offer. The core demographic for this city is made up of primarily younger resident who tend to have a high per capita income. A city with a demographic of younger people should be a safe environment. The environment is protected by the Smyrna Police Department. The police department is a large sized department whose purpose is to protect its citizens. The Smyrna police department is a department that successfully meets the goal of its mission statement. Smyrna Police Department: Mission The mission of Smyrna’s

Essay on Nurses Must Provide Emotional Support to Patients

People often hear the saying â€Å"No man is an island.† This is because every individual needs other people in order to survive. It is definitely true that the three basic needs such as food, clothing, and shelter must be given to people in order to survive in their environment. However, it does not end there. Those necessities are not good enough to make someone live a happy life. In order to achieve a life worth living, one must have a good relationship with the people present in his or her surroundings. An individual must be a part of an effective social process. This could mean that he or she should be able to give and to receive emotional care from other people. Rendering care and comfort to someone is such a good feeling, but to†¦show more content†¦In order for an individual to satisfy the need for self actualization, he or she must satisfy first the four needs since self-actualization is the highest form of need. This paper aims to explore the underlying assumptions of concepts such as care, comfort, loneliness, and isolation. It also seeks to relate these assumptions to a grand concept of relation practice. To achieve this, the world of an individual who experiences one of those concepts would be examined, specifically the situation of a female suffering from a sickness called encephalitis, using the model proposed by Abraham Maslow. In order to come up with good results, the author would conduct an in-depth analysis of the concepts and of the situation of this female who is married and has two kids. She is suffering from encephalitis and she does not have a good relationship with her husband. This paper also aims to present a description of the concepts, the limitation of the concepts, and an analysis of the discrepancies that appear in the literature regarding the concept. Review of the Literature In exploring the concept of relation practice, it is unavoidable to look at the conditions of nurses who are providing care and comfort for the patients in the hospitals. In differentShow MoreRelatedUnderstanding The Vulnerability, Perfectionism, And Shame From The Book Daring Greatly By Brene Brown1600 Words   |  7 Pagesteam to having difficult conversations with a patient, nurses must be engaged in their own feelings to understand how that can influence the way they provide care or deal with stressors in the healthcare setting. The purpose of this paper is to examine how the concepts of vulnerability, perfectionism, and shame from the book Daring Greatly (2012) by Brenà © Brown apply in nursing practice and leadership in the terms of empathy, patient advocacy, and nurse burnout. I will also discuss how vulnerabilityRead MoreChristianity In The Nursing Profession Essay1125 Words   |  5 PagesNurses are an essential part of the healthcare system and t he society. Nurses require special knowledge, preparation and skill, in their profession. They must have adequate training on issues that pertain to handling patients, medicine and medical records among other issues. Nursing profession requires an advanced knowledge and skills that it outgrows the needs of any society for special services. Nursing profession is a calling because it involves a lot of sacrifice of personal time, patient, disciplineRead MoreDeath by Stroke1532 Words   |  6 Pagesmanagement post stroke complications occur. Nurses must focus on developing successful strategies to promote home and community based care for victims of completed stroke in order for them to resume their daily life as safely and independently as possible. Strategies must target prevention of future strokes, since a stroke survivor has a 20% chance of having another stroke within 2 years, and care management after the cerebrovascular accident. Effective strategies must be aimed at restoring patient’s independenceRead MorePersonal Ethics1402 Words   |  6 PagesSummary and Ethical Considerations: Support for Hospital Patients Supported Factors Patient Support is a significant phase in delivering the care. This support should be tailored to each patients in their life situations and individual needs to bring out better outcomes. The article by E. Mattila et al in 2010, is a study of patient support especially emotional and informational support given by the nurses to their patients (Mattila, 2010). The patients need support in the hospital environment toRead MoreConcept Analysis In Nursing1158 Words   |  5 Pageswill take a deeper look at one specific concept, emotional intelligence, and examine a peer reviewed article that utilizes the Walker and Avant method to deconstruct the meaning. Emotional intelligence is asks the nurse to look at their own feelings and the feelings of others to achieve a successful nurse-patient interaction. Lastly, this paper will show how emotional intelligence can be applied in practice. Concept for Analysis The nurse-patient interaction is the keystone to providing qualityRead MoreHospice And Palliative Care Organization1541 Words   |  7 Pagesis referred to as Hospice. Here, patients who are terminally ill may be placed in Hospice care, where they will be under constant supervision and will be cared for. However, although Hospice is an ongoing process that exists everyday, there are few people who really know exactly what Hospice is and what it consists of. Upon further reading, it is hopeful that one will get a better sense of understanding about Hospice. Hospice’s main focus is on the patients and their needs. As shown on www.nhpcoRead MoreExamining Swansons Theory of Caring Essay989 Words   |  4 Pagescategories can fuel the caregivers attitude and improve overall patient well-being. In nursing, as well as other areas caring can be defined as, a nurturing way of relating to a valued other toward whom one feels a personal sense of commitment and responsibility. Upon examination, the five processes of Swansons Theory of Caring can be used in nursing practice to achieve an enhanced one-on-one relationship with patients, and improve overall patient well-being. Knowing The first caring process ofRead MoreIntroduction. Nurses Play A Key Role In End Of Life Care.1347 Words   |  6 Pages Introduction Nurses play a key role in end of life care. The quality of nursing care in hospice has changed over the years due to nurses advocating to change practices. Today, hospice care focuses on comfort instead of the cure. The nurse’s responsibility is to protect the patient from burdensome interventions while providing comfort. The nurse’s role extends to family support and spiritual needs. Precise documentation is an integral component of communication within the nursing care team. EndRead MoreNursing Is The Protection, Promotion, And Optimization Of Health And Abilities1568 Words   |  7 Pagesable to provide care that is based on biological, psychological and social sciences that affect the body as a whole. Nursing must be approached with both compassion and knowledge. The professional nurse should practice ethically, legally and morally, as well as provide care based on the knowledge from studies. They must be able to promote health and prevent disease by providing physical care, support, education, and resources available to all ages and cultures within the community. A nurse shouldRead MoreComfort and Emotional Support for the Terminally Ill1187 Words   |  5 Pagesgreat opportunity to take advantage of; it is used for patients who are not to be recovered from their illness but rather to provide comfort and emotional support to the terminally ill, resulting in the patient being as comfortable as possible. The caregiver and patient can also have an extra support system from the nurse and interdisciplinary team. Not everyone understands what hospice is and has different views on what it may offer to the patient and family. According to the National Hospice and Palliative

Senior Year †Memory Book Free Essays

The final year of high school has now come. When my parent’s told me that high school would fly by, they weren’t kidding. I never put much thought into the fact that high school is a mere four years of my life. We will write a custom essay sample on Senior Year – Memory Book or any similar topic only for you Order Now In the grand scheme of things, it’s hardly any time at all. Although It really did fly by, I have enough memories to last a lifetime. I remember walking through the doors on my very first day of school as a freshman. I walked into room 315 and sat down in my first period class. It was world history and Mrs.. Francis was my teacher. I sat down, scared out of my mind, and waited for the bell to ring. That first bell tone signified the beginning of my high school career. My schedule was extremely easy first semester. I had Foods, Business Management, Consumer De, Lunch, Gym, Warrior Warehouse, English and Algebra 2. I had some incredible teachers, which included Mrs.. Tradeoff, Mr.. Gross, Mrs.. Burr, Mrs.. Chart and Mr.. Mere. I have had so much fun and I loved having each of them. When second semester rolled around, It wasn’t so easy. I only had four real classes, but a few of them were tough. My schedule went along the lines of Foods, Government, College Com H, Lunch, CICS, Warrior Warehouse, Gym, and Algebra 2. This year I was lucky enough to have Mrs.. Tradeoff, Mr.. Burr, Mrs.. Myers, Mr.. Hosking’s and Mr.. Myrrh. They have been one amazing group of teachers. I learned so much from each and every one of them and I could not thank them enough. The beginning of my senior year, I was asked to be in the warrior warehouse Instead of having a study hall. Mr.. V called me down to his office and I remember being so scared because I never even knew where his office was. He then asked me to be In there and I said yes. I was thrilled because I have always thought I was a great leader and knew that I had a full Job to take on. It was my responsibility to make ere I did not let anyone steal and when a problem occurred I let Mr.. V know Immediately. It was such an honor that he asked me to be In there and let alone ask me again for the rest of the year. High school has been an emotional roller coaster for me. Eve stayed up until two a. M. Working on assignments, crying over boys, and deciding what to wear for picture day. I have met and lost friends throughout my four-year Journey, and I have changed more than I ever thought I would. However, the most important part of high school has been learning who I am. As clichà ©Ã‚ © as it may sound, high school is the place where I found myself. Eve flourished with my strengths and struggled with my weaknesses. Though it was difficult at times, and I wanted to give up often, It was all worth It. High school has been full of crazy events, From the SST. Baldric’s day rallies to the four and a half hour ACT, it has been one memorable journey. T Off It seems like only yesterday I was reading Romeo and Juliet in Mr.. Rebecca English class. Now, I am Just months away from graduating and starting my life. My grandpa once told me that I would spend four years trying to get out of high school, and the rest of my life trying to get back in. He was exactly right. I thought high school would be a drag and I would never get out. Being Just months away from graduating, I wish I could start all over. Although it has been an incredibly dramatic and emotional Journey for me, I don’t regret a single moment of my high school career. I have had the chance to meet some amazing students and teachers. I have coasted through classes, and I have been pushed to my limit. I learned that learning has no boundaries and the things I learn in school will definitely come into play later in life. I Just wish I had taken a second to stop and look around. High school really did fly by. How to cite Senior Year – Memory Book, Papers

The Characters Were All Completely Different In Age, Size And Attitude

The characters were all completely different in age, size and attitude. This made it interesting from the beginning, as I wasn't sure how they would gel together as a regiment to perform as a soldier to the best of their ability. We are introduced to Osborne first. He is around forty-five, tall with well trimmed grey hair, also deputy to the Commander, Stanhope. We hear a lot about Stanhope before we meet him from the conversation Osborne and Hardy (a commander that seemed to know Stanhope rather well from the past) had together when Osborne arrived at the Front. It was said that Stanhope could and did drink a rather handsome sum of whisky. It was also said that he had been fighting in this war for sometime and it had really damaged this mental stability. This shocked me as he had only been away from school for three years and was healthy before arriving here. The next character was one of my favourites: Raleigh. He was the youngest of them all, and knew Stanhope before arriving. The y went to school together, but also saw a lot of him out with school as his parents were friendly with Stanhopes. Trotter was the cheerful soldier in the regiment. He seems to always be dreaming and ignoring all the negative points of his current position. In my opinion, Trotter did well to ignore the war, but this meant he became very much independent of the group's natural bonding. Last of all there was Hibbert. He was a rather interesting but dissapointing character. He felt that he had had enough stress and decided to fake illness to be allowed home. Bibliography The characters were all completely different in age, size and attitude. This made it interesting from the beginning, as I wasn't sure how they would gel together as a regiment to perform as a soldier to the best of their ability. We are introduced to Osborne first. He is around forty-five, tall with well trimmed grey hair, also deputy to the Commander, Stanhope. We hear a lot about Stanhope before

Anurognathus - Facts and Figures

Anurognathus - Facts and Figures Name: Anurognathus (Greek for without tail and jaw); pronounced ANN-your-OG-nah-thuss Habitat: Woodlands of western Europe Historical Epoch: Late Jurassic (150 million years ago) Size and Weight: About three inches long and a few ounces Diet: Insects Distinguishing Characteristics: Small size; stubby tail; short head with pin-shaped teeth; 20-inch wingspan About Anurognathus Except for the fact that it was technically a pterosaur, Anurognathus would qualify as the smallest dinosaur that ever lived. This hummingbird-sized reptile, no more than three inches long and a handful of ounces, differed from its fellow pterosaurs of the late Jurassic period thanks to its stubby tail and short (yet extremely strong) jaws, after which its name, Greek for without tail and jaw, derives. The wings of Anurognathus were very thin and delicate, stretching from the fourth fingers of its front talons back to its ankles, and they may have been brightly colored, like those of modern butterflies. This pterosaur is known by a single, well-preserved fossil specimen discovered in Germanys famous Solnhofen beds, also the source of the contemporary dino-bird Archaeopteryx; a second, smaller specimen has been identified, but has yet to be described in the published literature. The exact classification of Anurognathus has been a subject of debate; this pterosaur doesnt fit easily into either the rhamphorhynchoid or pterodactyloid family trees (typified, respectively, by the small, long-tailed, big-headed Rhamphorhynchus and the slightly larger, stubby-tailed, slender-headed Pterodactylus). Lately, the weight of opinion is that Anurognathus and its relatives (including the similarly tiny Jeholopterus and Batrachognathus) constituted a relatively unevolved sister taxon to the pterodactyloids. (Despite its primitive appearance, its important to keep in mind that Anurognathus was far from the earliest pterosaur; for example, the slightly bigger Eudimorphodon preceded it by 60 million years!) Because a free-flying, bite-sized Anurognathus would have made a quick snack for the much bigger pterosaurs of its late Jurassic ecosystem, some paleontologists wonder if this diminutive creature nested on the backs of large sauropods like the contemporary Cetiosaurus and Brachiosaurus, similar to the relationship between the modern Oxpecker bird and the African hippopotamus This arrangement would have afforded Anurognathus some much-needed protection from predators, and the bugs that constantly hovered around skyscraper-sized dinosaurs would have provided it with a steady source of food. Unfortunately, we dont have a scrap of evidence that this symbiotic relationship existed, despite that episode of Walking with Dinosaurs in which a tiny Anurognathus pecks insects off the back of a docile Diplodocus.

Guidelines for Starting a Genealogy Business

Guidelines for Starting a Genealogy Business I often receive emails from genealogists who find that they love family history so much that theyd like to turn it into a career. But how? Can you really earn a living doing what you love? The answer is, sure! If you have strong genealogical research and organizational skills and a keen sense for business, you can earn money working in the family history field. As with any business venture, however, you will need to prepare.   Do You Have What it Takes? Perhaps youve researched your own family tree for a few years, taken a few classes, and maybe have even done some research for friends. But does this mean youre ready to earn money as a genealogist? That depends. The first step is to evaluate your qualifications and skills. How many years have you been seriously involved with genealogy research? How strong are your methodology skills? Are you familiar with properly citing sources, creating abstracts and extracts, and the genealogical proof standard? Do you belong to and participate in genealogical societies? Are you able to write a clear and concise research report? Evaluate your professional preparedness by taking stock of your strengths and weaknesses.   Bone Up On Your Skills Follow up your evaluation of your strengths and weaknesses with education in the form of classes, conferences and professional reading to fill in any holes in your knowledge or experience. Id suggest putting Professional Genealogy: A Manual for Researchers, Writers, Editors, Lecturers and Librarians (edited by Elizabeth Shown Mills, Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 2001) at the top of your reading list! I also recommend joining the Association of Professional Genealogists and/or other professional organizations so that you can benefit from the experience and wisdom of other genealogy professionals. They also offer a two-day Professional Management Conference (PMC) each year in conjunction with the Federation of Genealogical Societies conference which covers topics specifically geared to genealogists working in their profession.   Consider Your Goal Making a living as a genealogist can mean a lot of different things to a lot of different people. Besides the standard genealogical research conducted for individuals, you can also specialize in finding missing people for the military or other organizations, working as a probate or heir searcher, offering on-site photography, writing articles or books for the popular press, conducting family history interviews, designing and running Web sites for genealogical societies and organizations, or writing or assembling family histories. Use your experience and interests to help choose a niche for your genealogical business. You can choose more than one, but it is also good not to spread yourself too thin.   Create a Business Plan Many genealogists consider their work a hobby and dont feel that it warrants anything as serious or formal as a business plan. Or that it is only important if youre applying for a grant or a loan. But if youre planning to make a living from your genealogy skills, you need to begin by taking them seriously. A good mission statement and business plan sums up the path we plan to follow, and helps us to succinctly explain our services to prospective clients. A good business plan includes the following: an executive summary overviewing the business name and location, your name and experience, and the mission statement.a list of products and services offered by your businessa description and analysis of the genealogy industry, including the local competition and its experience, services, pricing structure, and their length of time in business.a marketing strategy including anything which makes our service unique (such as location near a valuable genealogical repository or any unusual experience) and a description of the pricing for our services. More: Business Plan Basics   Set Realistic Fees One of the most common questions asked by genealogists just starting out in business for themselves is how much to charge. As you might expect, there is no clear cut answer. Basically, your hourly rate should take into account your level of experience; the profit you hope to realize from your business as it relates to the amount of time you can devote to your business each week; the local market and competition; and the start-up and operating expenses you plan to incur. Dont sell yourself short by undercutting what your time and experience is worth, but also dont charge more than the market will bear.   Stock Up on Supplies The nice thing about a genealogy-based business is you typically wont have a lot of overhead. You most likely already have many of the things you will need if you love genealogy enough to want to pursue it as a career. A computer and Internet access is helpful, along with subscriptions to major genealogy Web sites especially those that cover your primary areas of interest. A good car or other transportation to get you to the courthouse, FHC, library, and other repositories. A filing drawer or cabinet to house your client files. Office supplies for organization, correspondence, etc.   Market Your Business I could write an entire book (or at least a chapter) on marketing your genealogy business. Instead, Ill just point you to the chapter on Marketing Strategies by Elizabeth Kelley Kerstens, CG in Professional Genealogy. In it she covers all aspects of marketing, including researching the competition, creating business cards and flyers, putting up a Web site for your genealogy business, and other marketing strategies. I have two tips for you: 1) Check the membership roster of APG and local societies to find other genealogists who are working in your geographic location or area of expertise. 2) Contact libraries, archives and genealogical societies in your area and ask to be added to their list of genealogical researchers.   Next Certification, Client Reports, Other Skills Starting a Genealogy Business, page 1 Get Certified While it isnt necessary to work in the genealogy field, certification in genealogy provides validation of your research skills and helps assure a client that you are producing quality research and writing and that your credentials are backed by a professional body. In the U.S., two major groups offer professional testing and credentialing for genealogists - the Board for Certification of Genealogists (BCG) and the International Commission for the Accreditation of Professional Genealogists (ICAPGen). Similar organizations exist in other countries.   Further Requirements There are a variety of other skills and requirements that go into operating a genealogy business that arent covered in this introductory article. As an independent contractor or sole proprietor, youll need to familiarize yourself with the financial and legal ramifications of operating your own business. You will also need to learn how to develop a contract, write a good client report and keep track of your time and expenses. Suggestions for further research and education on these and other topics include connecting with other professional genealogists, attending the APG PMC conference discussed previously, or enrolling in a ProGen Study Group, which employs an innovative method of collaborative learning focused on developing genealogical research skills and business practices. You dont need to do it all at once, but you will also want to be adequately prepared before you start out. Professionalism is critical in the field of genealogy and once youve damaged your professional credibil ity through shoddy work or disorganization, its hard to repair. Kimberly Powell, About.coms Genealogy expert since 2000, is a professional genealogist, past president of the Association of Professional Genealogists, and  author of The Everything Guide to Online Genealogy, 3rd Edition. Click here for more information on Kimberly Powell.

Havoc Mouldings Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Havoc Mouldings - Essay Example There will be some human resource and ethical issues but they can be dealt competently by taking necessary steps for mitigating their risks. Introduction of Havoc Mouldings Ltd. Havoc Mouldings Ltd. has been present in the market since 1977 and it has been mainly offering its services to the UK aerospace, marine, motor and chemical process industries. The product range of the company comprises of kayaks, hulls and decks for yachts, data buoys, mooring buoys, process cylinders, kit car bodies, after market body kits and radar domes; all of these products are manufactured by hand so that the customers are provided the best quality. Recently, the company has been approached by Boeing from USA for setting up and manufacturing of various precision parts required for smart bombs along with an innovative and latest cruise missile. There are certain challenges which the organisation has to deal with such as strict rules and regulations regarding usage of hazardous materials, installation of equipment for ventilation and investment in vacuum moulding process for fulfilling the requirements of Boeing. ... The main aim of these developments in IT is to provide the companies ample opportunities for enhancing their production levels and respond quickly to the customer’s demands (Agrawal, Subramania & Kapoor, 2010, p.201; Caldas & David, 2005, p.4). Considering the scenario of Havoc Mouldings, it will have to implement the new methods of operations management. According to Wamba and Bendavid (2008), the manufacturing processes have evolved from lean processes to agile ones that have the ability of anticipating the changes in customer’s requirements (p.3) and they are so flexible that they can quickly incorporate the modifications in the final output (Inman et al., 2011, p.346). An organisation has to utilise various technology theories that have been developed by the researchers in the field of IT so that it can ensure that it has the latest production process and IT system installed within the firm (Smith, McKeen & Singh, 2007, p.52). The best technology theory that is comp atible with the current business environment is Technology Adaptation Theory. According to Bardhan, Whitaker and Mithas (2006), this theory states that the technology is the main driver for altering the working environment of the organisation so that it creates innovative conditions and routines along with some problems; the issues associated with new technology have to be realized and technology has to be modified for resolving them (p.23). Hence, technological changes are part of a continuous cycle of adjustment to the new working conditions. As we all know that everything in this world has both positive aspects as well as negative aspects. The positive aspect needs to be considered

Online Community Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Online Community - Essay Example This means that people could be living in the same geographical area but since they do not share the same values, they are not deemed as community. The conventional community is that which lives together physically and shares their values and practices within a locality. The contemporary community does not have to be living in the same locality since they could practice their values on a remote platform, which is online. Campbell describes the contemporary community, or community online, as that social unit that interacts online aided by the use of the internet (Campbell, 2010). He traces the emergence of the community online back to the early 1970s when the email first emerged. Emails were first powered by the Advanced Research Projects Agency Network, commonly abbreviated as ARPANET, which was also the first operational packet switching network in the world (Brasher 25). The online space was, at first, purely a research space and not for social interactions’ use. Soon ARPANE T created the first electronic discussion group establishing a moderated space to oversee various aspects of network business and research. Researchers within these messaging groups began forming unofficial groups such as SF-Lovers, created by some researchers to discuss science fiction. This and other early groups pioneered the social community online. Several special interest groups started emerging thereafter and this liberalization saw the birth of the â€Å"net.religion† debating group where religious opinions were aired. Further debates saw the narrowing down of this group to specific religious online forums, the first of which to emerge being â€Å"net.religion.jewish†. Newer advents of technology saw the creation of both newer and more precise forums and also better and faster ways of furthering these religious debates such as bulletin board systems (BBS), multi-user object oriented (MOO), multi-user dimension (MUD), and internet relay chat (IRC) rooms. Through standardization, regulation and setting of â€Å"rules of engagement† within the various forums, these computer-supported groups automatically qualified as communities, or more precisely, virtual communities. Campbell concurs with a definition, of virtual community, by Rheingold, that virtual communities are social aggregations emerging from internet forums when enough people carry on discussions with human feeling to form networks of personal relationships online. The evolution of Christian community online did not stop at the web groups and discussion forums for specific religions, in the mid – 1990s, cyber-churches and cyber-temples emerged as websites exclusively providing online worship services to their respective target groups (Stower, 2001). The argument behind this unique move was that the internet provides a forum for revolution, similar to the protestant wave, to reform and reinvent the ways in which faith and values are practiced and people communicate wit h each other and with God. The understanding was that people do not have to physically meet to practice their religious values and that computer networks provide social networks within which people can meet face-to-face, but virtually, within the computer network (Dawson 15). The study of religious community online critically began in early 1990s when scholars started paying attention more attention to issues of technology being used to congregate online, the types of discussions and practices. Two researchers,

Leaving for College - A Heartbreaking and Bittersweet Experience Essay

Leaving for College - A Heartbreaking and Bittersweet Experience â€Å"Here’s to the nights we felt alive, here’s to the tears we knew you’d cry, here’s to goodbye, tomorrow’s gonna come too soon.† - Eve 6. I’ve heard this song many times before, but it took me so long to finally understand the real meaning behind it. The last night I spent in Tucson before moving away to college has proved to be the most heartbreaking and bittersweet life experience I’ve ever had to endure, yet it is also my fondest memory of home. I wanted that night to last forever because I never wanted to see tomorrow come. August twentieth was my last night in Tucson. The last night I had to spend with my family, my friends, and my dog. That would be my last night to spend in my own house, with my own personal bathroom, and a big bed. That would also be my last night to pack all of my important material possessions and then downsizing because my dorm room probably wouldn’t hold everything I thought I â€Å"needed.† The night began with that afternoon at what we call the â€Å"G.R. Party.† This is commonly known as a good riddance party. My parents, extended family, and friends gathered together inside my home for my last dinner. All the males were, of course assembled by the grill cooking our wonderful all American feast of hamburgers, barbeque chicken, and hot dogs. Most of the women were mingling with each other, each one almost in tears listening to others talk about how hard â€Å"letting go† of their own children would be and fearing the next few days when my friends would be away to different colleges. My friends and I were busy talking amongst ourselves and watching my younger cousins dazzle us in the pool with their most recent dive or trick. Finally, someone... ... ever had to do. Who knew it would be so difficult to leave those people who shaped the person you are today? I had to face the people that I loved so much and say good bye. I knew I would see them again, but somehow that wasn’t a comforting thought. The only thing I could seem to think of was how hard it was to leave and how excruciating it felt. This experience has left a huge impression on my life. I realized how much I love my life and the people in it. I recognized the fact that this was me, growing up and becoming an adult. I also finally understood the meaning of â€Å"family.† Even though I was leaving my home of eighteen years, I knew I still had a wonderful place to return to. That chapter of my life ended beyond perfectly. Although that night was somewhat depressing it was also filled with fun, laughter, and love. It is by far, my favorite memory of home.

Yes Men Fix the World, Ethics of Protest and Bringing Issues to Light

AG401 Film Yes Men Fix the World, the Ethics of Protest and Bringing Issues to Light 1. What ethical/moral/philosophical constructs are the activists operating under with respect to their tactics in protest? The Yes Men use Utilitarian Ethics of Duty and Rule Consequentialism. With this mindset, they carry on pranks and hoaxes to reveal the lies of large corporations and government. In the theory of Duty-Based Ethics, people do the right thing because it is the right thing to do. These large corporate giants do nothing but take the toll on others’ misfortunes.An example of Duty-Ethics can be seen when Andy impersonates Jude Finisterra, a spokesperson for Dow Chemicals, being interviewed on BBC regarding the Bhopal Legacy catastrophe of Union Carbide and its deadly gas leaks in India. He is quoted saying, â€Å"this is the first time in history that a publicly owned company, of anything near the size of Dow, has performed an action which is significantly against its bottom lin e, simply because it’s the right thing to do. † In theory of Rule Consequentialism, it states that an action is morally right just because it is required by an optimific social rule; relating back to Duty Ethics.With the motive under Rule Consequence, the Yes Men planned to set a course of actions which might trigger a reaction so that corporate giants and government may conform to such a social rule. As long as the outcome is of a happy ending for the public, Mike and Andy will have succeeded to change and affect society in ways that money could not. To correct an action which harms society more than benefits it, sometimes ridiculing and exposing the negative aspects of it might be the only course for corrective action. 2. Do the tactics distract from the message or lend power to the message? On what ethical grounds?In theory, such pranks and hoaxes are supposed to create change as a result from negative publicity. This derives from Kantian Ethics, which actually goes against Consequentalism, kind of an oxy-moron. Although it is morally just, their actions do have negative consequences to certain parties. As far as exposure goes, their tactics seemed have to work in their favor, and the Yes Men have also defied legal repercussions in every scenario. And by bringing such important public issues into light, some objectives were achieved; transmitting the power of voice towards the public, and conveying the theory of moral duty to the companies.However, their main purpose was not accomplished, and their tactics seem to have failed again; in fact nothing significant was taken into consideration or changed by any of the targeted corporations, or even the government entities. For example, in the Catastrophic Loss Conference, Andy and Mike pose as representatives from Halliburton; which they have claimed was the top company in extracting profits from a disaster. Halliburton has made hundreds of millions of dollars off the Hurricane Katrina disaster, and now the Yes Men have arrived to presenting another invention called the SurvivaBall; again to â€Å"profit† off some disaster.Their tactic was to create the â€Å"biggest joke ever by making fun of stupid concepts with stupid ideas. † And with something as simple as the SurvivaBall being so useless, it relates to the concept of Big Corporate making money off others’ misfortunes instead of solving the problems which lay before them; the ironic part is that the SurvivaBall is actually more useful than what the government or companies like Halliburton have created for disasters. But to their shock when all was presented, their attempts of letting people know what â€Å"sucked about letting greed run our future,† was instead greeted with business cards. . What about the ethics of law enforcement in dealing with activists? If anything was taken from this documentary, it was that companies cannot learn to behave differently by themselves; government has to mak e rules to control them. To fix the world, it is going to take more than two guys, cheap suits, and fake websites; it would take millions of people. When activists begin threatening for change, law enforcement entities may only deal on legal premises; as there is a right to freedom of speech and to assemble and petition the government.If no harm and damage or rioting is caused, law enforcement may only be there to prevent incidents. An example may be observed with over two dozen people wearing SurvivaBall costumes demonstrating in the East River; where police shut down the demonstration for lack of a permit. Andy Bichlbaum was arrested on an outstanding parking ticket charge and a handful of others were served with summons and tickets for disorderly behavior and creating hazardous conditions. So they also tried this, attempting to cost HUD more money and put some out of jobs.They hope to expose to the public by making a mockery of an entity in able to stimulate a solution or action. But it never works. Mike Bonanno Andy Bichlbaum Duty-Based Ethics Jude Finisterra, faking as a spokesperson for Dow Chemicals regarding the Bhopal Legacy catastrophe of Union Barpide and its deadly gas leaks in India, quoted saying that â€Å"this is the first time in history that a publicly owned company, of anything near the size of Dow, has performed an action which is significantly against its bottom line, simply because it’s the right thing to do. However it was hilarious that he noted they were going to liquidate $12 billion in assets to provide care and compensation to the victims and their families. Halliburton #1 company in extracting profits from a disaster. Made Hundreds of millions off Katrina, and now (name) and (name) are presenting the Survivor Ball, to â€Å"profit† off a disaster. Biggest joke ever, of how to make fun of stupid ideas, well, with stupid ideas. For example, something so simple of a Survivor Ball is useless, also like the concept of mak ing money off others’ misfortune instead of solving the problem.But the ironic part of this is that the survivor ball is actually more useful than what the government or companies like Halliburton have created solutions for disasters. But what their attempts of letting people know what sucked about letting greed run our future, but instead of freaking out, they just took their business cards. Companies cannot learn to behave differently by themselves, government has to make rules to control them. So they also tried this, attempting to cost HUD more money and put some out of jobs.

Using the Case Study of Mr. X, Identify and Explain the...

Using the Case Study of Mr. X, Identify and Explain the Client’s Issues and Devise a Course of Treatment for him, Taking into Account any Ethical Issues In this essay I shall be explaining the issues Mr X has expressed, as I have understood them, as expounding the presented issue with the client in such a manner is also crucial to gaining clarity and building rapport. I shall then cover any ethical considerations that need to be accounted for and then seek to devise a relevant course of treatment for him. Mr X has stated that he has been employed as an estate agent in the same company for 18 years. He has not progressed in his work although he is fully capable as has been demonstrated by his success at covering for the manager†¦show more content†¦In the first session I would discuss with him what exactly hypnotherapy is, what it can achieve and how we shall be using it in order that he and I may both be clear on what the objective of the sessions are and what can and cannot be accomplished, so that we both may make informed decisions on whether or not we wish to continue. I would ask if he would consider having the self-esteem script that I use with him recorded in order that he may use it at home in between sessions, as listening to the script on a daily basis will facilitate a better result due to the message being repeatedly fed to the subconscious mind. This is essential when realising that the Conscious Critical Faculty (CCF) is constantly monitoring our experiences of the world and aligning those experiences with our deeply embedded beliefs. In order to counter the negative adjustments made by the CCF, it is necessary to by pass it through hypnotic suggestions regularly, until the CCF has been altered. At the fourth session I would do a review with him to analyse how he is feeling; how he feels therapy has benefited him and whether or not he feels he may need further sessions. It is my opinion that composing a self-esteem script for him and coupling this with affirmations and some practical NLP steps to boost his motivation, will resolve many of his issues because, ‘Self-esteem is one ofShow MoreRelatedUsing the Case Study Provided at the End of the Module Identify and Explain the Client’s Issues and Devise a Course of Treatment for Him, Taking Into Account Any Ethical Issues2048 Words   |  9 PagesMODULE 4 Using the case study provided at the end of the module identify and explain the client’s issues and devise a course of treatment for him, taking into account any ethical issues. 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My Statement of Purpose Transitioning from Production...

Transitioning from Production Engineering to Industrial Engineering Introduction My greatest achievements, continual passion for learning, and drive to excel in educational pursuits are all predicated on a fascination with engineering. From a very young age, I have been fascinated with how devices work, and as I learned more about how engineering is a disruptive force in many industries, I knew this had to be my profession. My passionate pursuit of expertise in this field led me to pursue an undergraduate degree in production engineering. Growth in Engineering Years Within the next few months, I will be completing my Bachelors of Engineering in Production Engineering from the Dwarkadas J.Sanghvi College of Engineering in Mumbai. Throughout these years I have completely committed myself to excelling in the attainment of my educational goals, fueled by a passion to excel in engineering specifically. Of the many courses taken during my undergraduate program, Production and Operational Management was a pivot, transformational one. This course became my passion and I quickly read and captured as much information and intelligence I possibly could. As I gained greater insight into industrial engineering in this course, I could see how the core concepts of production engineering contributed to its best practices. The foundational elements of industrial engineering could be more effective with production engineering. 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Case Analysis Gorilla Health Bars - 1001 Words

INTRODUCTION Gorilla health Bars is a food producing company situated in Victoria, Australia. It commonly produce health based snakes bars by fruit, oats, and nuts. It started its business in 2011, with old two stored building.in recent times they started to make a bit of profit and expend there business by focusing on corporate social responsibility. Defining PROBLEMS Firstly, GHB using an old building. This was built in 1960. It constructed with corrugated iron as well. So it’s become so hot in summer and too cold in winter. Secondly, it’s having water consumption problem. It’s increasing rapidly in the last two years. In the end it increases product manufacture ring costs. So it s a great threat for this company. Thirdly, the supply chain management of GHB is not good enough. It saw that, GHB collets there raw materials from Darwin, Australia. So their cost lots of money to collect those materials causes it’s so far from Victoria. To figure out the facing problems of Gorilla Health Bars and find the best solution is the main of this report. Hence finding more sustainable way to gain more profit and expend there business on focusing on CSR is also an aim of this report. The main view point of the report is to make Gorilla Health Bars more sustainable and economically proficient. In this report, facing three problems which are electricity bills, water consumption and transportation cost of GBH would discuss and solution would given. FINDING AND DISCUSSIONShow MoreRelatedCorporate Sustainability Focus Of Gorilla Health Bars1926 Words   |  8 Pagessustainability focus of Gorilla Health Bars Pty Ltd. Additionally, it will make recommendations for future actions based on the analysis. The information is propounded on the basis of information from a range of data and information sources namely; academic journals, digital sources, books and company reports. 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As always, we welcome any feedback or suggestions. http://www.investopedia.com/contact.aspx Table of Contents 1) Introduction 2) Fundamental Analysis 3) Qualitative Analysis 4) Value Investing 5) Growth Investing 6) GARP Investing 7) Income Investing 8) CANSLIM 9) Dogs of the Dow 10) Technical Analysis 11) Conclusion Introduction When it comes to personal finance and the accumulation of wealth, few subjects are more talked about than stocks. It s easy to understandRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pages......................................................................................... 488 The Scientific Method ........................................................................................................................ 490 Some Case Studies ............................................................................................................................. 491 Review of Major Points .....................................................................................Read MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagesvi BRIEF CONTENTS 4 The Organization System 16 Organizational Culture 511 17 Human Resource Policies and Practices 543 18 Organizational Change and Stress Management 577 Appendix A Research in Organizational Behavior Comprehensive Cases Indexes Glindex 637 663 616 623 Contents Preface xxii 1 1 Introduction What Is Organizational Behavior? 3 The Importance of Interpersonal Skills 4 What Managers Do 5 Management Functions 6 †¢ Management Roles 6 †¢ ManagementRead MoreUnderstanding Marketing Management16709 Words   |  67 Pagesallows firms to more fully engage in socially responsible activities.2 CEOs recognize the role of marketing in building strong brands and a loyal customer base, intangible assets that contribute heavily to the value of a firm. Consumer goods makers, health care insurers, nonprofit organizations, and industrial product manufacturers all trumpet their latest marketing achievements. Many now have a chief marketing officer (CMO) to put marketing on a more equal footing with other C-level executives suchRead MoreIgbo Dictionary129408 Words   |  518 Pagesconsidered to be related. I then went through each pinned-together group with him, re-transcribing each word according to his pronounciation. We discarded items which he could not recognize, and added short examples to clarify the meaning in certain cases. After this, Mr M. Igbozurike copied out each re-transcribed form or example on to a slip of paper. At the beginning of each group of slips, he wrote the root on a 3 x 5 cards, which thus served as a head-word for the group. He then arranged the head-words

Belief, Pain and Healing Free Essays

Pain is a complex concept. No single perspective can fully encapsulate or explain how pain is generated, perceived and healed or taken away. Though one would usually think of a wound or sickness with the issue of pain, pain does not simply take into consideration the body, its parts and processes. We will write a custom essay sample on Belief, Pain and Healing or any similar topic only for you Order Now Anyone would be familiar with phrases like â€Å"mind over body† and like phrases which take more than the isolated view on pain. As an attempt to explain pain, Ronald Melzack and P. D. Wall proposed the gate control theory which aims to explain the perception of pain in the psychological sense. Malzack and Wall developed the gate control theory which hypothesized that â€Å"there are special nerves that carry intense sensation to the spinal column† (Friedman, 2002, p. 91). However, these sensations do not simply travel directly to the brain as there is a â€Å"gate† controlled by signals from the brain. Hence, thoughts and feelings have an effect on pain perception. Another concept that plays upon the phrase â€Å"mind over body† is that of the Hawthorne effect. The Hawthorne effect occurs when attention influences a certain situation regardless of other factors (Friedman, 2002, p. 85). This concept is important for doctor-patient interaction because despite few and ineffective forms of treatment, a patient may experience positive effects when an attending physician caters to him or her. Finally, there is the placebo effect. Shapiro defines a placebo as â€Å"any therapy that is without specific activity for the condition being treated† (as cited in Friedman, 2002, p. 85). A placebo’s effects may either be psychological or psychophysiological. Placebos work upon an assumed or believed effect on one’s physical state by the said placebo to condition the mind of the individual taking it. Reference: †¢ Friedman, H. (2002). Health Psychology. Chapter 4: Belief, Pain and Healing (p. 85, 91) Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education How to cite Belief, Pain and Healing, Papers

Museum Guided Exhibition

Question: Discuss the Vision, Scope and Outcomes of museum guided exhibition? Answer: Overview Tablets and smart phones have become popular enough. The use of tablets and smart phones are growing very rapidly. Those are mobile and can work like computers. The museum authority has selected tablets for offering a multimedia based support for the visitors of the exhibitions. They will provide a tablet to each visitor. The tablet will be programmed for delivering some predefined services to the visitors. For example, the tablet will work like a guide through the exhibition. It will provide image and textual descriptions for each items of an exhibition. If needed then it will provide audio or video based support also. The tablet will guide a visitor by showing paths or let the user choose his/ her own path. Other than the exhibition items, the tablet will help to locate foods centers, toilets etc. There will be multi language support for the tablet interface. (Galitz, 2009) The project is focused on designing suitable interface for the tablets that are supposed to accompany visitors of an exhibition. Vision The project is aimed to provide an information technology based solutions to the visitors of an exhibition. The visitors will not need any guide through the exhibition. They can enjoy an exhibition by their own. The museum authority will no longer need to set up information kiosk at different places in an exhibition. There will be support for visitors with different language and the interface will be easy to use so that people from all age group can use the interface. People from every age and language are supposed to enjoy the exhibitions at their own pace. The project will help them to do so. Scope The project is on designing the tablet interfaces only. Thus interface usability is the main scope of the project. The technical details and technical performances of the tablets are out of scope of this project. Outcomes The outcome of the project will be layouts of interface designs for interactions with the tablet for different purposes. Key assumptions Key assumptions of this project are following, It is assumed that people have minimum experience in handling a tablet or working with touch interfaces. The tablets will be used for the museum exhibitions only. No other facilities will be available on the tablets. For example people will not be able to make call or browse web from the tablet. Cost is not a prime consideration for the tablets. It is assumed that every single visitor will have access to one tablet provided by the museum authority. (Wood, 2014) There will be enough security at the exhibitions so visitors can not steal a tablet. Accessibility is an important factor. There may be physically challenged people, the interfaces will have different sets of accessibility options to provide support to such visitors. But there will be not enough support for the blind people. However, if they want they can hear the audio transcripts of the descriptions of the items etc. Objectives, Outputs and Targets The objectives of the museum authority is cutting down operational cost yet providing the visitors an enriching experience of visiting the exhibitions. The initial cost of setting up the infrastructure for tablet based guidance to the visitors will be higher but the maintenance and operation cost will be lower over time. The target is to attract more visitors and making profit from the exhibitions. Success Criteria The success criteria at this stage are the following, (Banga Weinhold, 2014) Easy to use interface Accessibility options Enough help and support options. Effective interface designs. Usability should be better enough. References Allen, J., Chudley, J. (2012). Smashing UX Design. John Wiley Sons. Banga, C., Weinhold, J. (2014). Essential Mobile Interaction Design. Addison-Wesley Professional. Galitz. (2009). The Essential Guide To User Interface Design. John Wiley Sons. Wood, D. (2014). Basics Interactive Design: Interface Design. Bloomsbury Publishing.

Museum Guided Exhibition

Question: Discuss the Vision, Scope and Outcomes of museum guided exhibition? Answer: Overview Tablets and smart phones have become popular enough. The use of tablets and smart phones are growing very rapidly. Those are mobile and can work like computers. The museum authority has selected tablets for offering a multimedia based support for the visitors of the exhibitions. They will provide a tablet to each visitor. The tablet will be programmed for delivering some predefined services to the visitors. For example, the tablet will work like a guide through the exhibition. It will provide image and textual descriptions for each items of an exhibition. If needed then it will provide audio or video based support also. The tablet will guide a visitor by showing paths or let the user choose his/ her own path. Other than the exhibition items, the tablet will help to locate foods centers, toilets etc. There will be multi language support for the tablet interface. (Galitz, 2009) The project is focused on designing suitable interface for the tablets that are supposed to accompany visitors of an exhibition. Vision The project is aimed to provide an information technology based solutions to the visitors of an exhibition. The visitors will not need any guide through the exhibition. They can enjoy an exhibition by their own. The museum authority will no longer need to set up information kiosk at different places in an exhibition. There will be support for visitors with different language and the interface will be easy to use so that people from all age group can use the interface. People from every age and language are supposed to enjoy the exhibitions at their own pace. The project will help them to do so. Scope The project is on designing the tablet interfaces only. Thus interface usability is the main scope of the project. The technical details and technical performances of the tablets are out of scope of this project. Outcomes The outcome of the project will be layouts of interface designs for interactions with the tablet for different purposes. Key assumptions Key assumptions of this project are following, It is assumed that people have minimum experience in handling a tablet or working with touch interfaces. The tablets will be used for the museum exhibitions only. No other facilities will be available on the tablets. For example people will not be able to make call or browse web from the tablet. Cost is not a prime consideration for the tablets. It is assumed that every single visitor will have access to one tablet provided by the museum authority. (Wood, 2014) There will be enough security at the exhibitions so visitors can not steal a tablet. Accessibility is an important factor. There may be physically challenged people, the interfaces will have different sets of accessibility options to provide support to such visitors. But there will be not enough support for the blind people. However, if they want they can hear the audio transcripts of the descriptions of the items etc. Objectives, Outputs and Targets The objectives of the museum authority is cutting down operational cost yet providing the visitors an enriching experience of visiting the exhibitions. The initial cost of setting up the infrastructure for tablet based guidance to the visitors will be higher but the maintenance and operation cost will be lower over time. The target is to attract more visitors and making profit from the exhibitions. Success Criteria The success criteria at this stage are the following, (Banga Weinhold, 2014) Easy to use interface Accessibility options Enough help and support options. Effective interface designs. Usability should be better enough. References Allen, J., Chudley, J. (2012). Smashing UX Design. John Wiley Sons. Banga, C., Weinhold, J. (2014). Essential Mobile Interaction Design. Addison-Wesley Professional. Galitz. (2009). The Essential Guide To User Interface Design. John Wiley Sons. Wood, D. (2014). Basics Interactive Design: Interface Design. Bloomsbury Publishing.

Southwest Airlines Case Analysis Essay Example

Southwest Airlines Case Analysis Paper Southwest History 1966: Rollin King marched into Herb Kelleher’s law office with a plan to start a low-cost/low-fare airline that would shuttle passengers between San Antonio, Dallas, and Houston. Thought of this idea because businessmen were complaining about the commute. 1967: Kelleher filed papers to incorporate the new airline and submitted an application to the Texas Aeronautics Commission for the new company to serve Dallas, Houston, and San Antonio. 4 year legal and regulatory battle from rival airlines 1971 (January): Lamar Muse brought in as the CEO to get operations under way. Boeing supplied three new 737s, discounted price by $1 million (5gt;4) and financed 90% of the $12 million deal. 1971 (June): Southwest initiated its first flights with a schedule that soon included 6 round-trips between Dallas and San Antonio and 12 round-trips between Houston and Dallas. Disappointing results despite only $20 fare compared to rivals $27-28. Their funds stretched thin and they were putting fuel on Muse’s credit card. Employee morale was high. 1971 (November): Muse came up with idea to offer $10 fare to passengers on the Friday-night Houstongt;Dallas flight. The flight sold-out without advertising. Muse came up with a two-tier on-peak and off-peak pricing structure. BEGINNING OF THE NO-LAYOFF POLICY, they have never laid off or furloughed any employees. 1972: Moved flights in Houston from the newly opened Houston Intercontinental Airport to the abandoned Houston Hobby Airport (for money and location reasons). 1973: Reported its first-ever annual profit in 1973. Introduced a profit-sharing plan for senior employees (first in the airline industry) -Rest of the 1970s consisted of legal battles- 1977: Listed on the NYSE 978: Muse resigned; Howard Putnam became CEO after Kelleher turned down the offer. 1979: First route outside Texas (New Orleans) 1981: Putnam resigned; Kelleher became CEO. Southwest had 27 planes, $270 million in revenues, 2100 employees, and 14 destination cities. Kelleher did not run from his office but among the troops. 1983: 3 additional Boeing 737s purchased; Southwest flies more than 9. 5 million passengers. 1984: Sout hwest is ranked first in customer satisfaction among the U. S. airlines for the fourth straight year. 1985: Service begins to St. We will write a custom essay sample on Southwest Airlines Case Analysis specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Southwest Airlines Case Analysis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Southwest Airlines Case Analysis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Louis and Chicago Midway. Southwest named the Ronald McDonald House as its primary charity (a pilot lost his daughter to leukemia). 1986: Southwest flies more than 13 million passengers. 1988: Southwest becomes the first U. S. airline to win the Triple Crown (best on-time record, fewest reports of mishandled baggage, and fewest complaints per 100,000 passengers) for a single month. 1990: Revenues reach $1 billion; only major U. S. airline to record both an operating and a net profit. The Culture Committee was formed to promote â€Å"Positively Outrageous Service. † 992: First annual Triple Crown; second-year running they were the only major U. S. airline to record both an operating and a net profit. 1993: Begins operations on the East Coast and wins second annual Triple Crown; revenues exceed $2 billion and profits exceed $100 million. Third consecutive year of being the only U. S. airline to record both an operating and net profit. 1994: Introduced ticketless travel in four c ities; third Triple Crown; acquires Morris Air (Salt Lake City) 1995: Ticketless travel becomes available system-wide; fourth consecutive Triple Crown. 996: Service to Florida begins; fifth consecutive Triple Crown; ~$740,000 to RMDH 1997: Service begins to Southwest’s 50th city; more than 50 million people fly Southwest. 1998: Named by Fortune as the best company to work for in America 1999: Service is added to three more cities. 2000: # of passengers exceeds 60 million; revenues surpass $5 billion; 28th consecutive year of profitability; 9th consecutive year of increased profits; becomes the 4th largest U. S. airline in terms of passengers carried. 2001: 30th Consecutive year of profitability; only U. S. airline to report a profit; record 64. million passengers 2001 (June): Kelleher stepped down as CEO but stayed chairman of the Board. James Parker and another trusted protege became CEO. 2002: Ranks second among companies across all industry groups (first in airlines) on Fo rtune’s 2002 list of most admired companies. Began changing the look of its planes. 2004: Parker retired unexpectedly. Gary Kelly appointed CEO. 2005: Becomes 2nd largest U. S. airline in terms of passengers carried. First significant blemish on Southwest’s safety record (overshot runway in Chicago). 2006: A record 96. 3 million passengers fly Southwest. 007: Becomes the largest U. S. airline in terms of passengers carried; profitable for the 35th consecutive year; named to Business Week’s first ever â€Å"Customer Service Champs† list and is voted â€Å"Overall Best Airline in the U. S. They introduced the Business Select fare to attract economy-minded business travelers. Did an â€Å"Extreme Gate Makeover† to improve experience. Ticketless travel accounted for more than 95% of all sales. Operation Kick Tail (customer service initiative) launched. 2008: More people were flying Southwest than any other U. S. airline and they were the only U. S. Air carrier that was consistently profitable and had been since 1973. Southwest did not choose to use a la carte pricing like other airlines; they stuck with an all-inclusive fare. Mission statement was revised to highlight customer service commitment. Belated Aircraft Inspections further tarnish Southwest’s reputation (placed three employees on leave). 2008 (May): Kelleher resigned as chairman of the board. Kelly assumed chairman of the board, president, and CEO. Southwest Financial and Statistical Background Key Financial Ratios | 2005| 2006| 2007| 2008| Gross Profit Margin| 31. 2%| 30. 54%| 26. 63%| 22. 07%| Operating Profit Margin| 9. 56%| 10. 28%| 8. 02%| 4. 07%| Net Profit Margin| 6. 38%| 5. 49%| 6. 54%| 1. 61%| Return on Total Assets| 3. 46%| 3. 71%| 3. 85%| 1. 27%| Return on Stockholders Equity| 7. 25%| 7. 74%| 9. 29%| 3. 59%| Earnings Per Share| 61. 00%| 63. 00%| 85. 00%| 24. 00%| Current Ratio| 94. 07%| 90. 09%| 91. 84%| 94. 55%| Quick Ratio| 90. 18%| 89. 37%| 87. 34 %| 88. 80%| Working Capital| -$228| -$286| -$395| -$153| Routes and Flight Data May 2008 serves 52 U. S. cities. Currently serves 69 U. S. cities. Top 10 Airports: May 2008| Current| Las Vegas| Las Vegas| Chicago Midway| Chicago Midway| Phoenix| Phoenix| Baltimore/Washington| Baltimore/Washington| Oakland| Denver| Houston Hobby| Houston Hobby| Dallas – Love Field| Dallas – Love Field| Los Angeles| Los Angeles| Orlando| Oakland| San Diego| San Diego| Aircraft Fleet: | May 2008| Current| Total A/C: | 527| 544| Total Seats:| 71,824| 74,153| †¢Southwest tested Wi-Fi on four of there airplanes, and in late 2009, made the decision to begin installing satellite-delivered broadband from their Wi-Fi provider, Row 44, on the rest of their fleet. Southwest estimates that heir entire fleet will be Wi-Fi enabled in the 2013 timeframe. Number of Domestic Passengers by Air Carrier | 2000| 2005| 2006| 2007| Q1 2008| Southwest| 15. 32%| 19. 63%| 21. 68%| 21. 95%| 23. 21%| American| 14. 42%| 17. 16%| 17. 29%| 16. 48%| 16. 64%| Delta| 20. 68%| 17. 22%| 14. 29%| 13. 26%| 13. 43%| United Air| 15. 30%| 12. 25%| 12. 88%| 12. 14%| 11. 61%| US Airways| 11. 96%| 8. 22%| 7. 18%| 11. 17%| 11. 26%| Northwest| 10. 23%| 10. 36%| 10. 16%| 9. 43%| 9. 09%| Continental| 7. 73%| 7. 32%| 8. 05%| 7. 99%| 8. 18%| Jet Blue| 0. 24%| 3. 21%| 4. 07%| 4. 42%| 6. 59%| America West| 4. 11%| 4. 63%| 4. 41%| 3. 6%| 0. 00% *| * America West data is included with US Airway starting in 2007 due to merger. Operating Revenues of Selected US Airlines, 2000-2007 (in billions) | 2007| 2006| 2005| 2004| 2003| 2002| 2001| 2000| American| 1st$22. 9| 1st$22. 5| 1st$20. 6| 1st$18. 6| 1st$17. 4| 1st$15. 9| 2nd$15. 6| 2nd$18. 1| United| 2nd 20. 1| 2nd19. 3| 2nd17. 3| 2nd15. 7| 3rd13. 4| 2nd13. 9| 1st16. 1| 1st19. 3| Delta| 3rd 19. 2| 3rd17. 5| 3rd16. 5| 3rd15. 2| 2nd14. 3| 3rd12. 4| 3rd13. 2| 3rd15. 3| Continental| 4th 14. 2| 4th13. 1| 5th11. 1| 5th9. 9| 5th7. 3| 5th7. 4| 6th8. 2| 5th9. 4| Northwest| 5th 12. 5| 5th12. 6| 4th12. | 4th11. 3| 4th10. 1| 4th9. 2| 4th9. 6| 4th11. 0| US Airways| 6th 11. 7| 6th11. 6| 7th7. 2| 6th7. 1| 6th6. 8| 6th6. 9| 5th8. 3| 6th9. 2| Southwest| 7th 9. 9| 7th9. 1| 6th7. 6| 7th6. 5| 7th5. 9| 7th5. 5| 7th5. 6| 7th5. 7| America West| *| *| 8th3. 4| 8th2. 5| 8th2. 2| 8th2. 0| 8th2. 0| 8th2. 3| Total| 110. 5| 105. 7| 96| 86. 8| 77. 4| 73. 2| 78. 6| 90. 3| *America West merged with US Airways in 2005. Major U. S. Airlines Fuel amp; Oil and Total Operating Expenses Per Passenger Revenue Miles Southwest Airlines had the 4th lowest fuel cost in 1995, 2nd lowest in 2000, and the lowest fuel cost from 2006 to Q1 2008 Southwest Airlines had the 2nd to the lowest total operating expenses in 1995 and the lowest from 2000 to Q1 2008. | 1995| 2000| 2005| 2006| 2007| Q1 2008| Fuel amp; Oil| | | | | | | America West| 1. 40| 2. 18| 3. 32| 3. 85| 3. 87| | American Airlines| 1. 53| 2. 04| 3. 67| 4. 15| 4. 34| 5. 75| Continental Air Lines| 1. 67| 2. 18| 3. 42| 3. 82| 3. 97| 5. 26| Delta Air Lines| 1. 70| 1. 73| 3. 68| 4. 18| 4. 32| 5. 67| Northwest Airlines| 1. 73| 2. 35| 4. 01| 4. 56| 4. 47| 5. 94| Southwest Airlines| 1. 56| 1. 95| 2. 44| 3. 37| 3. 71| 4. 54| United Air Lines| 1. 51| 1. 98| 3. 53| 4. 11| 4. 26| 5. 5| US Airways| 1. 59| 2. 44| 3. 89| 4. 30| 4. 45| 5. 63| | | | | | | | Total Operating Expenses| | | | | | America West| 10. 57| 12. 15| 14. 50| 16. 15| 15. 58| -| American Airlines| 14. 25| 14. 48| 15. 18| 15. 55| 15. 98| 18. 18| Continental Air Lines| 12. 87| 13. 70| 16. 38| 16. 51| 16. 56| 18. 81| Delta Air Lines| 13. 53| 12. 85| 16. 68| 17. 50| 17. 63| 20. 95| Northwest Airlines| 12. 77| 12. 99| 17. 40| 16. 20| 15. 90| 19. 25| Southwest Airlines| 10. 91| 10. 91| 11. 21| 12. 03| 12. 53| 13. 85| United Air Lines| 12. 58| 14. 65| 15. 35| 16. 07| 16. 27| 19. 13| US Airways| 17. 73| 19. 8| 18. 49| 20. 03| 20. 14| 21. 45| Operating Expenses per Average Seat Mile (Available Seat) | 1995| 2000| 2005| 2006| 2007| Compensation| 33. 95%| 36. 35%| 40. 62%| 37. 39%| 35. 38%| Fuel amp; Oil| 14. 29%| 17. 34%| 19. 63%| 26. 25%| 28. 02%| Maintenance| 8. 49%| 8. 15%| 6. 46%| 5. 80%| 6. 81%| A/C Rentals| 6. 65%| 4. 27%| 2. 36%| 1. 93%| 1. 76%| Landing Fees| 6. 22%| 5. 69%| 6. 58%| 6. 02%| 6. 15%| Depreciation| 6. 08%| 6. 08%| 6. 83%| 6. 36%| 6. 15%| Other Expenses| 24. 33%| 22. 12%| 17. 52%| 16. 25%| 15. 71%| 1. Is there anything that you find particularly impressive about Southwest Airlines? One of the most impressive facets about Southwest Airlines is the foundation the airline was built on and how that foundation remains present after 40 years, â€Å"true grit. † Southwest Airlines fought to be in existence, remain in existence, and today fights to remain a lean and fearless competitor by providing a low-cost, low-price and no-frills product. Southwest Airlines’ tenacity is very distinctive and they are proud to show it through their marketing campaigns, such as, â€Å"Nobody Is Going to Shoot Southwest Airlines Out of the Sky for a Lousy $13. † The value Southwest Airlines has for its employees is impressive. The low employee turnover rate and large number of applicants is a strong indicator that this value is real and not lip service. Another interesting fact in regards to employees at Southwest is that in 40 years there have only been four CEOs, with 20 of those years being one individual, Herb Kelleher. 2. What grade would you give Southwest management for the job it has done in crafting the company’s strategy? What is it that you like or dislike about the strategy? Does Southwest have a winning strategy? In respect to Southwest’s efforts in crafting the company’s strategy, we feel that the company deserves an A for its relentless efforts to stay true to its low-cost provider strategic intent and for its ability to be able to achieve a sustainable competitive advantage. As customers, we feel like the low prices are an extremely likeable aspect of the strategy. It is also important to mention that their customer service level is strong and leaves each passenger feeling a connection with the Southwest brand. However, we dislike the lack of creature comforts and the cattle-like approach to boarding. Southwest does maintain a winning strategy. One of the most important concepts that Southwest developed and grasped in their strategy was that it was not enough to be a low-cost provider; they needed to have a sustainable competitive advantage. The company addressed this by stressing that through the low-cost provider strategy, customer service, and customer satisfaction, they are able to achieve a sustainable competitive advantage, which is demonstrated in their financial and statistical data. A manager from Southwest stated â€Å"our fares can be matched; our airplanes and routes can be copied. But we pride ourselves on our customer service. † Although no strategy is without fault or mistake, Southwest has managed to significantly make its strategy into one that can thrive in both a short and long-term vision. With its focus on ways to keep cost low for customers, from paperless tickets to special programs for frequent flyers, the company has been able to effectively provide service to their customers and hold true to their mission. 3. What are the key policies, procedures, operating practices, and core values underlying Southwest’s efforts to implement and execute its low-cost/no frills strategy? Southwest has many key policies, procedures, operating practices and core values that help to implement and execute its low-cost/no frills strategy. Fare Structure: Southwest employs a relatively simple fare structure featuring low, unrestricted, unlimited, everyday coach fares, along with even lower fares available on a restricted basis. Route System: Southwest did not use the hub-and-spoke route systems like their rivals; instead their route system was carefully designed to concentrate on flights between pairs of cities 150-750 miles apart where there was enough passenger traffic that Southwest could offer a sizable number of daily flights. Relationship with Boeing: Southwest operates only one type of aircraft (Boeing 737s) to minimize the size of spare parts inventories, simplify the training of maintenance and repair personnel, improve the proficiency and speed with which maintenance routines could be done, and simplify the task of scheduling planes for particular flights. With their loyalty to Boeing they were able to acquire new aircrafts at favorable prices. Ticketless Travel Option: Southwest was the first major airline to use ticketless travel which eliminated the need to print and process paper tickets. They were also the first to allow customers to make reservations and purchase tickets at their website; this allowed them to bypass the need to pay commissions to travel agents for handling the ticketing process and reducing staffing requirements at reservation centers. Congestion Avoidance: Southwest de-emphasized flights to congested airports which helped them produce better-than-average on-time performance and reduce the fuel costs associated with sitting in line on taxiways or circling waiting for clearance to land. It also allowed them to avoid the higher landing fees and terminal gate costs at such high-traffic airports. No Reserved Seats Policy: To economize on the amount of time it took terminal personnel to check passengers in and to simplify the whole task of making reservations, Southwest stopped assigning seats. No Cleaning Crew: Southwest flight attendants were responsible for cleaning up trash left by deplaning passengers. No First-Class: Southwest does not entertain a first-class section in any of its planes nor do they entertain frequent fliers at fancy clubs in terminals. They also do not serve meals in order to make reprovisioning planes simple and quick. Bags Fly Free: Southwest does not charge a baggage transfer service fee. Passengers pick up their luggage themselves. Software Updates: They implemented use of new software that significantly decreased the time required to generate optimal crew schedules and help improve on-time performance. Cloth to Leather: Southwest concluded that an all-leather interior would be more durable and easier to maintain, more than justifying the higher initial costs. Fuel Hedging: Southwest was a first-mover to fuel hedging and derivative contracts to counteract rising prices. Their fuel hedging strategy had produced savings of about $3. 5 billion since 1998. Vertical Winglets: To enhance the performance and efficiency of the fleet, they added vertical winglets on the wing tips to reduce lift drag, allow aircraft to climb more steeply and reach higher flight levels quicker, improve cruising performance, extend engine life and reduce maintenance costs, and reduce fuel burn. New Technology: Southwest is investing in technology and software to replace its ticketless system and its back-office accounting, payroll, and human resource information systems. This will enhance data flow, operational efficiency, and customer service capability. 4. What are the key elements of Southwest’s culture? Is Southwest a strong culture company? Why or why not? What problems do you foresee that Gary Kelly has in sustaining the culture now that Herb Kelleher, the company’s spiritual leader, has departed? The key element of Southwest’s culture is the total employee benefit package, from compensation to training and development to promotion to retirement. Southwest’s operative principle states, â€Å"employees come first and customers come second. Management believes that by placing a high priority on employees, it would result in those employees being passionate about their jobs, but also lets the employees know that Southwest is concerned for their general well-being and would provide them with job security. It is important to note that Southwest Airlines has never laid off or furloughed any of its employees since beginnin g operations in 1971. Southwest’s simple thesis is as follows: Keep employees happy—then they will keep customers happy. CEO Gary Kelly even said, â€Å"Our people are our single greatest strength and our most enduring long-term competitive advantage. † Southwest is a very strong culture company. By placing their focus on employees first, they are ensuring that their customers will be well taken care of. They hire employees based on their attitude and then train them for skills. Herb Kelleher stated â€Å"We can train people to do things where skills are concerned. But there is one capability we do not have and that is to change a person’s attitude. So we prefer an unskilled person with a good attitude†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Southwest has the belief that superior, hospitable service and a fun-loving spirit flowed from the heart and soul of employees who themselves were fun-loving and spirited, who liked their jobs and the company they worked for, and who were also confident and empowered to do their jobs as they saw fit. Southwest also has the lowest employee turnover rate in the industry with pay scales above the industry average (sometimes even near or at the top of the industry). Another important part of their culture is their no-layoff policy. Kelleher stated â€Å"Nothing kills your company’s culture like layoffs†¦you want to show your people you value them and you’re not going to hurt them just to get a little more money in the short-term. † Southwest has two core values: LUV and fun. LUV turned into the code word for how to treat customers, with dignity and respect and demonstrating a caring, loving attitude. LUV and red hearts appeared on posters at company facilities to remind employees of the behavior that was expected towards customers and other employees. Fun at Southwest includes pranks and jokes, dressing up on holidays, charity benefit games, entertaining behavior of employees while on the job, and more. CEO Gary Kelly explains that the â€Å"Southwest Way†, which includes having a Warrior Spirit, Servant’s Heart and a Fun, Loving attitude are the three things that have defined their culture for 36 years. In 1990, a Culture Committee was formed to nurture the Southwest Spirit. The committee sponsored and supported hundreds of ways to promote the Southwest Spirit by using the red hearts and LUV to embody the spirit of caring and other things such as serving employees pizza. Southwest’s monthly newsletter, LUV Lines, spotlights experiences and deeds of certain employees, reprinted letters of praise from customers, and company milestone celebrations. There are also occasional meetings called Culture Exchange in which they share similar information as the LUV Lines. All of these culture-building exercises have helped Southwest be a profitable company with loyal employees and happy customers. Gary Kelly may still encounter problems after taking over as CEO. Herb Kelleher instituted practices and support systems that promoted operating excellence which were a source of company pride. He devoted many years and a great amount of effort to find the best and most effective ways to operate every aspect of the company, from aircraft maintenance to efficient baggage transfers. CEO Gary Kelly has been following Kelleher’s lead in pushing for operational excellence. Kelly may not be the â€Å"original spiritual leader,† but he is doing his part to keep the company the way Kelleher left it. Kelly has strong strategic objectives; one being that Southwest would be â€Å"the safest, most efficient, and most reliable airline in the world. Both men believed that having a strong balance sheet and profitability were important financial aspects of the company. Kelleher’s vibrant, fun and caring attitude will be hard for any other CEO to match. He was known for his Hawaiian print shirts, making jokes and tricked out motorcycle. He was well known not only inside the company, but also outside for his combativeness. In 1990, he had a message penned in the Dallas Headquarters Office that stated: â€Å"The people of Southwest Airlines are the creators of what we have becomeand of what we will be. † Kelly will never be the same person as Kelleher and it may take longer for employees to warm up to his different management style. Kelly is less of a â€Å"culture pusher† than Kelleher, which could hurt Southwest in the long run, since their whole company is based on promoting a fun, caring atmosphere. Although Kelleher spoke very highly of Kelly when he took over as CEO in 2004, that doesn’t mean that Kelly will be as highly respected in terms of a spiritual leader to employees than Kelleher was. In addition, the Kelleher era at Southwest seemed to always be in a dogfight to build and become what they are today. As the employees who fought that fight with Kelleher retire, a piece of the â€Å"warrior spirit† goes with them. This may make it hard for Kelly to keep the warrior mentality alive with new employees who didn’t have a dog in the fight and may feel they don’t have as much invested to ensure they stay on top. 5. What grade would you give Southwest management for the job it has done in implementing and executing the company’s strategy? Which of Southwest’s strategy execution approaches and operating practices do you believe have been most crucial in accounting for the success that Southwest has enjoyed in executing its strategy? Are there any policies, procedures, and operating approaches at Southwest that you disapprove of or that are not working well? During a difficult time within the airline industry, Southwest made its entrance in 1971, despite the endless attempts from rivals to collapse the company before they could get started. Southwest emerged and made its first flight in June 1971. Since then Southwest’s management team has done a monumental job in implementing their strategies. By using a differentiation approach Southwest was able to stand out amongst its competitors. Low fares, entertainment, more flights to the same locations, the gradual expansion into new geographic markets, adding flights in areas where rivals were cutting back service using first-mover strategies, and flight turnaround times around 25mins (compared to 50-60 minutes from its competitors) all contributed to a grade A for Southwest’s management. Southwest’s overall strategy has transitioned from the 1971 to 2010. When the airline first started, they were serving a market niche in the Golden Triangle (Houston, San Antonio, and Dallas). They moved towards a Focused Low-Cost Provider as they expanded their service by expanding into new geographic markets and adding flights in areas where rivals were cutting back service. Southwest is now moving towards becoming a Best-Cost Provider by upgrading the quality of the customer experience (i. e. leather seats, business-focused areas, family-focused areas, etc). The low-cost, low-price, and no frills strategies have worked very well for Southwest. The company took a two-tier fare approach which gave customers a choice between a low unrestricted, unlimited, everyday coach fare and one which was restricted that was even lower cost. Despite its highly effective strategy, Southwest has some aspects that may not be working as well as others. Their infamous cattle call (procedure for boarding) can make customers feel like animals rather than people when they are fighting for a seat. Many customers may choose to forgo the lower airfare to enjoy a more peaceful boarding experience. Another issue to be addressed is the maintenance policies and procedures that ultimately led to the fairly recent media debacle. Reports of lax aircraft inspections surfaced and Kelly admitted the wrongdoing of the company. He limited the bad media exposure by ensuring the public his airline was one of the safest to fly with. Despite his public apology, this matter needs to be aggressively approached to ensure customers feel safe flying Southwest. 6. What weaknesses or problems do you see at Southwest Airlines? 1. Public perception of safety after airline inspection issue 2. Lack of creature comforts such as pre-assigned seating and on-board meals. 3. There is no first class for customers, so those wanting a more luxurious experience may fly with competing airlines. . It also offers no baggage transfers to other airlines, which may be a complaint from passengers needing to catch another plane in a short amount of time. 5. Cattle-call boarding procedure 7. What recommendations would you make to Gary Kelly? 1. Establish a more aggressive maintenance inspection program, especially with the older aircraft in their fleet. 2. Offer premium services for a fee. For example: seat selection, leg room, seat size, baggage transfer, and boarding first. 3. Provide a few more creature comforts on longer flights. Doing without comfort is fine on short flights. 4. Sell even lower cost tickets to spontaneous travelers who truly decide at the last minute to get away for a short weekend vacation when there are vacant seats available. 5. Continue hedging fuel to save money in that aspect. 6. Explore increasing the number of destination cities so they can grow their customer base. 7. Southwest should continue learning about the types of customers that tend to fly with Southwest so they can make changes to better serve their clientele. 8. Explore international flight options.